The procedure conditions and keeping of laboratory animals require the observance of the principles of extensive and, of course, very important laws, which must comply with the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). However, if we are only talking about the habitat of this type of laboratory animal for research studies, it should be noted that during the study period, the characteristics of the animal habitat are stable. Changes in light, temperature, airflow and other environmental parameters can have significant effects on the results of the research project. Usually, the sleep and wake time of mice and rats is 12 hours in the dark and 12 hours in the light at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 50. The movement, packaging and storage of food must be free from contamination and corruption. Shelving should be done without stressing the animal.

In the method of sacrificing an animal, the use of carbon dioxide is one of the most fundamental ways of killing. Inhalation of high concentrations of 7.5% carbon dioxide has a rapid anesthetic effect. Exposure of mice to concentrations above 80% of the gas causes anesthesia in 33 seconds. The animal is placed in the chamber, the appropriate amount of gas flow should be able to replace 20% of the volume of the chamber per minute. Rapid induction of anesthesia occurs when the animal is exposed to a concentration of 70% CO2. Gas flow should be maintained for at least one minute after the apparent clinical death of the animal. The use of injectable drugs is the fastest and safest way to sacrifice an animal. Intravenous, intraperitoneal and intracardiac injections are acceptable. Overdose of barbiturates is a common procedure. Sometimes it requires sedation or anesthesia. Intravenous or intracardiac injection of potassium chloride saturated solution can only be injected into an anesthetized animal. Other methods include cervical dislocation, guillotine amputation./p>

Studies in the field of neuroscience lead to a better understanding of brain function and the nervous system and nervous diseases. Nowadays, due to the importance of neuroscience, many projects and researches are conducted in the field of neuroscience. The majority of neuroscience studies focus on diseases such as spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s, stroke, MS, epilepsy, Parkinson’s, and physiological sleep disorders. Behavioral tests such as the Maurice Water, Open Field, Shuttle Box, Bar Balance Test, Beam Walking Test are performed to confirm and evaluate these disease models.

For anesthesia, two different types of materials are generally used usually in combination. The first substance before anesthesia is sedatives which are prescribed to facilitate the induction and reversal of anesthesia. Diazepam, midazolam and zvalzepam have sedative, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effects. Also, Xylazine is the most widely used as alpha-2 agonist. The effects of this drug begin within 3 to 5 minutes after intravenous injection and within 10 to 15 minutes after intramuscular or subcutaneous administration. Which is used in the amount of 5 to 10 mg / kg of animal body weight. In the second substance is drugs which are used for anesthesia that increase the muscle tone, increase blood pressure, and have mild analgesic effects. Ketamine is a well-known member of this group and the most widely used veterinary anesthetic. Anesthesia required for surgery in rodents and rabbits can be created by combining ketamine with xylazine. In rabbits, a combination of ketamine and diazepam can be used. Ketamine absorption is followed by rapid intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration. In ketamine anesthesia, the eyelid and eye reflexes and the swallowing and laryngeal reflexes are active. Consumption of this substance is 20 to 60 mg / kg body weight. Other methods of anesthesia are inhaled, with the use of isoflurane which is more common than others, and the use of a chamber that receives the animal anesthetic gases and oxygen at the same time that is the best method used in laboratories.

The use of laboratory animals in research is used when there is no other alternative way to do so. For some aspects of medical research, there is no proper way to show the interaction of vital organs in the body during a research process. Animal research has helped to develop many important medical advances, including the development of new drugs, vaccines, the treatment of incurable diseases such as Alzheimer’s and metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, and a variety of cancers. Research on animal models in preclinical studies in various fields of medicine, especially in the prevention of respiratory infectious diseases are highly interested.